Search results for " hiv"

showing 10 items of 138 documents

Evolution of major non-HIV-related comorbidities in HIV-infected patients in the Italian Cohort of Individuals, Naïve for Antiretrovirals (ICONA) Fou…

2018

Objectives: The management of HIV disease is complicated by the incidence of a new spectrum of comorbid noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). It is important to document changes in the prevalence of NCDs over time. The aim of the study was to describe the impact of ageing on HIV markers and on the prevalence of NCDs in people living with HIV (PLWHIV) in the Italian Cohort of Individuals, Naïve for Antiretrovirals (ICONA) seen for care in 2004–2014. Methods: Analyses were conducted separately for a closed cohort (same people seen at both times) and an open cohort (all people under follow-up). We used the χ2 test for categorical factors and the Wilcoxon test for quantitative factors to compare pro…

0301 basic medicineAdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtynoncommunicable diseases (NCDs); persons living with HIV (PLWHIV); time trend; Health Policy; Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology (medical)persons living with HIV (PLWHIV)PopulationRenal functionInfectious DiseaseHIV InfectionsDiseaseComorbiditySettore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVENO03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineInterquartile rangeInternal medicinePrevalenceMedicineHiv infected patientsHumansPharmacology (medical)030212 general & internal medicineeducationDyslipidemiaseducation.field_of_studynoncommunicable diseases (NCDs); persons living with HIV (PLWHIV); time trendFramingham Risk Scorebusiness.industryIncidence (epidemiology)Health Policynoncommunicable diseases (NCDs) persons living with HIV (PLWHIV) time trendMiddle Aged030112 virologytime trendInfectious DiseasesItalyCardiovascular DiseasesCohortHypertensionFemalebusinessnoncommunicable diseases (NCDs)HIV medicine
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Efficacy and safety of human papillomavirus vaccination in HIV-infected patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021

AbstractThe prophylactic vaccines available to protect against infections by HPV are well tolerated and highly immunogenic. People with HIV have a higher risk of developing HPV infection and HPV-associated cancers due to a lower immune response, and due to viral interactions. We performed a systematic review of RCTs to assess HPV vaccines efficacy and safety on HIV-infected people compared to placebo or no intervention in terms of seroconversion, infections, neoplasms, adverse events, CD4+ T-cell count and HIV viral load. The vaccine-group showed a seroconversion rate close to 100% for each vaccine and a significantly higher level of antibodies against HPV vaccine types, as compared to the …

0301 basic medicineCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesMaleDisease preventionHIV InfectionsAdolescent Adult Antibodies Viral CD4 Lymphocyte Count CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes Female HIV Infections Humans Male Papillomavirus Infections Papillomavirus Vaccines Public Health Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Risk Treatment Outcome Viral Load Virus Shedding Young Adult Patient SafetySettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E ApplicataAntibodies Viral0302 clinical medicine030212 general & internal medicineViralRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicPublic healthMultidisciplinaryQHPV infectionRViral LoadAdolescent; Adult; Antibodies Viral; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; Male; Papillomavirus Infections; Papillomavirus Vaccines; Public Health; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Risk; Treatment Outcome; Viral Load; Virus Shedding; Young Adult; Patient SafetyVirus SheddingTreatment OutcomeMedicineFemalePublic HealthPatient SafetyViral loadAdultRiskmedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentScienceHPV vaccinesPlaceboAntibodiesArticle03 medical and health sciencesPapillomavirus VaccinesYoung AdultInternal medicinemedicineHumansPapillomavirus VaccinesSeroconversionViral sheddingAdverse effectbusiness.industryPapillomavirus InfectionsHealth caremedicine.diseaseCD4 Lymphocyte Count030104 developmental biologybusinessScientific Reports
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Linear biocompatible glyco-polyamidoamines as dual action mode virus infection inhibitors with potential as broad-spectrum microbicides for sexually …

2016

AbstractThe initial steps of viral infections are mediated by interactions between viral proteins and cellular receptors. Blocking the latter with high-affinity ligands may inhibit infection. DC-SIGN, a C-type lectin receptor expressed by immature dendritic cells and macrophages, mediates human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection by recognizing mannose clusters on the HIV-1 gp120 envelope glycoprotein. Mannosylated glycodendrimers act as HIV entry inhibitors thanks to their ability to block this receptor. Previously, an amphoteric, but prevailingly cationic polyamidoamine named AGMA1 proved effective as infection inhibitor for several heparan sulfate proteoglycan-dependent viruses, such …

0301 basic medicineHerpesvirus 2 HumanSexually Transmitted DiseasesMannoseBiocompatible MaterialsHIV Infections010402 general chemistrymedicine.disease_causeAntiviral Agents01 natural sciencesantivirals polymers glyco-conjugates click-chemistry HIV HPVArticleVirus03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundPolyaminesmedicineHumansReceptorchemistry.chemical_classificationHuman papillomavirus 16MultidisciplinarybiologyLectinHeparan sulfateVirology0104 chemical sciencesMolecular WeightMicrobicides for sexually transmitted diseases030104 developmental biologyHerpes simplex viruschemistryHIV-1biology.proteinBiological AssayGlycoproteinMannoseHeLa CellsScientific Reports
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Switching to dual/monotherapy determines an increase in CD8+ in HIV-infected individuals: An observational cohort study

2018

Background The CD4/CD8 ratio has been associated with the risk of AIDS and non-AIDS events. We describe trends in immunological parameters in people who underwent a switch to monotherapy or dual therapy, compared to a control group remaining on triple antiretroviral therapy (ART). Methods We included patients in Icona who started a three-drug combination ART regimen from an ART-naïve status and achieved a viral load ≤ 50 copies/mL; they were subsequently switched to another triple or to a mono or double regimen. Standard linear regression at fixed points in time (12-24 months after the switch) and linear mixed model analysis with random intercepts and slopes were used to compare CD4 and CD8…

0301 basic medicineMaleCD4-CD8 Ratiolcsh:MedicineHIV InfectionsCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesCD4/CD8 ratio; CD8; Chronic inflammation; Dual therapy; Monotherapy; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; CD4-CD8 Ratio; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Cohort Studies; Emtricitabine; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; Tenofovir; Medicine (all)Cohort Studies0302 clinical medicineEmtricitabineHIV Infection030212 general & internal medicineMedicine (all)General MedicineChronic inflammationCD4/CD8 ratio; CD8; Chronic inflammation; Dual therapy; Monotherapy; Medicine (all)Middle AgedSettore MED/07 - Microbiologia e Microbiologia ClinicaReverse Transcriptase InhibitorReverse Transcriptase InhibitorsFemalecd4/cd8 ratio; cd8; chronic inflammation; dual therapy; monotherapy; medicine (all)Research Articlemedicine.drugCohort studyHumanAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyDual therapyCD4/CD8 ratio; CD8; Chronic inflammation; Dual therapy; Monotherapy; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; CD4-CD8 Ratio; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Cohort Studies; Emtricitabine; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; TenofovirAnti-HIV Agents030106 microbiologyCD4-CD8 RatioEmtricitabineSettore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVENO03 medical and health sciencesCD4/CD8 ratioInternal medicineLinear regressionmedicineHumansDual therapyTenofovirbusiness.industrylcsh:RAnti-HIV AgentCD8CD8-Positive T-LymphocyteMonotherapyConfidence intervalRegimenCD4/CD8 ratio; CD8; Chronic inflammation; Dual therapy; MonotherapyCD8; CD4/CD8 ratio; Chronic inflammation; Monotherapy; Dual therapyCohort StudiebusinessCD8
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Efficacy and tolerability of switching to a dual therapy with darunavir/ritonavir plus raltegravir in HIV-infected patients with HIV-1 RNA ≤50 cp/…

2017

Background: Nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) toxicity may represent a threat for long-term success of combined antiretroviral therapy. Some studies have suggested a possible improvement of NRTI-related toxicity after switching to NRTI-sparing regimens. Objectives: We aimed to explore the efficacy and tolerability of switching to darunavir/ritonavir (DRV/r) plus raltegravir (RAL) while having a viral load (VL) ≤50 copies/mL in the clinical setting. Study design: Treatment-experienced HIV 1-infected patients enrolled in the ICONA Foundation Study cohort were included if they switched their current regimen to DRV/r + RAL with a HIV-RNA ≤50 copies/mL. Different defin…

0301 basic medicineMaleHIV InfectionsAntiretroviral therapy; Darunavir/ritonavir; Efficacy; NRTI-sparing regimen; Raltegravir; Tolerability; Microbiology (medical); Infectious DiseasesAntiretroviral therapy; Darunavir/ritonavir; Efficacy; NRTI-sparing regimen; Raltegravir; Tolerability; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; Cohort Studies; Darunavir; Drug Therapy Combination; Female; HIV Infections; HIV-1; Humans; Italy; Male; Middle Aged; RNA Viral; Raltegravir Potassium; Ritonavir; Viral LoadGastroenterologyCohort StudiesAntiretroviral therapy; Darunavir/ritonavir; Efficacy; NRTI-sparing regimen; Raltegravir; Tolerability0302 clinical medicineMedicineNRTI-sparing regimen030212 general & internal medicineViralDarunavireducation.field_of_studyLamivudineGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedViral LoadTolerabilityAntiretroviral therapyInfectious DiseasesTolerabilityItalyCombinationRNA ViralDrug Therapy CombinationFemaleViral loadmedicine.drugAdultMicrobiology (medical)medicine.medical_specialtyEfficacyAnti-HIV Agents030106 microbiologyPopulationDarunavir/ritonavir; Raltegravir; Efficacy; Tolerability; Antiretroviral therapy; NRTI-sparing regimenSettore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVELower riskNO03 medical and health sciencesDrug TherapyInternal medicineRaltegravir PotassiumHumanseducationDarunavirRitonavirbusiness.industryDarunavir/ritonavirRaltegravirRaltegravirHIV-1RNARitonavirbusinessAntiretroviral therapy; Darunavir/ritonavir; Efficacy; NRTI-sparing regimen; Raltegravir; Tolerability;
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Long-term Immune Response to Hepatitis B Virus Vaccination Regimens in Adults With Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized…

2016

International audience; IMPORTANCE:Data on long-term immune responses to hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination in adults with human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection are scarce.OBJECTIVE:To compare long-term (up to month 42) immune responses to the standard HBV vaccination regimen with a 4-injection intramuscular double-dose regimen and a 4-injection intradermal low-dose regimen.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:The phase 3, open-label, multicenter parallel-group (1:1:1 allocation ratio) randomized clinical trial was conducted from June 28, 2007, to October 23, 2008, at 33 centers in France. Participants included 437 HBV-seronegative adults with HIV-1 and CD4 cell counts of more than…

0301 basic medicineMaleHIV Infectionsmedicine.disease_causelaw.inventionMESH: HIV-10302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled triallawSingle-Blind Method030212 general & internal medicineMESH: Hepatitis B AntibodiesMESH: Treatment Outcomeeducation.field_of_study[SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathologyMESH: Middle AgedVaccinationMESH: Follow-Up StudiesMESH: HIV InfectionsHepatitis BMiddle Aged16. Peace & justiceHepatitis BMESH: Injections Intramuscular3. Good healthVaccinationTreatment OutcomeFemaleFranceIntramuscular injectionAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyHepatitis B vaccineInjections Intradermal030106 microbiologyPopulationInjections Intramuscular03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicineInternal MedicinemedicineHumansHepatitis B VaccinesHepatitis B AntibodieseducationHepatitis B virusMESH: Injections IntradermalMESH: Hepatitis B VaccinesMESH: HumansMESH: Hepatitis Bbusiness.industryMESH: AdultMESH: Vaccinationmedicine.diseaseMESH: Single-Blind MethodMESH: MaleSurgeryMESH: FranceRegimenHIV-1MESH: BiomarkersbusinessMESH: FemaleBiomarkers[SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathologyFollow-Up Studies
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Vitamin D Status and the Relationship with Bone Fragility Fractures in HIV-Infected Patients: A Case Control Study

2018

HIV-infected patients show high risk of fracture. The aims of our study were to determine the prevalence of vertebral fractures (VFs) and their associations with vitamin D in HIV patients. 100 patients with HIV infection and 100 healthy age-and sex-matched controls were studied. Bone mineral density was measured by quantitative ultrasound at the non-dominant heel. Serum osteocalcin and C-terminal telopeptide of collagen type 1 served as bone turnover markers. Bone ultrasound measurements were significantly lower in patients compared with controls (Stiffness Index (SI): 80.58 ± 19.95% vs. 93.80 ± 7.10%, respectively, p < 0.001). VFs were found in 16 patients and in 2 controls. HIV patie…

0301 basic medicineMaleHeelBone ultrasound; HIV; Osteoporosis; Vertebral fractures; Vitamin D; Catalysis; Molecular Biology; Spectroscopy; Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition; Physical and Theoretical Chemistry; Organic Chemistry; Inorganic ChemistryOsteoporosisvitamin DHIV InfectionsGastroenterologyCatalysiBone remodelingFractures Bone0302 clinical medicineRisk Factors030212 general & internal medicineSpectroscopyBone mineralUltrasoundComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionPhosphorusGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedComputer Science Applicationsmedicine.anatomical_structureFemaleAdultmedicine.medical_specialtybone ultrasoundCatalysisArticleInorganic Chemistrybone ultrasound; HIV; osteoporosis; vertebral fractures; vitamin D03 medical and health sciencesN-terminal telopeptideInternal medicinemedicineVitamin D and neurologyHumansvertebral fracturesPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMolecular Biologybusiness.industryOrganic ChemistryOsteoporosiCase-control studyHIVmedicine.diseaseosteoporosis030104 developmental biologyCase-Control StudiesCalciumVertebral fracturebusinessInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Incidence and risk factors for liver enzyme elevation among naive HIV-1-infected patients receiving ART in the ICONA cohort

2019

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the incidence and risk factors for liver enzyme elevations (LEE) in patients initiating first-line ART in the ICONA prospective observational cohort, between June 2009 and December 2017.Patients and methodsIn total, 6575 ART-naive patients were selected, initiating two NRTIs with the third drug being a boosted PI (n=2436; 37.0%), an NNRTI (n=2384; 36.3%) or an integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) (n=1755; 26.7%). HBV surface antigen and HCV RNA were detected in 3.9% and 5.8% of the study population. Inverse probability weighted Cox regression analysis was used to calculate the HRs, according to first-line regimen, for LEE, defined as ALT or AST increases…

0301 basic medicineMaleIntegrase inhibitorHepatitis B Surface AntigenHIV Infections0302 clinical medicineRisk Factorshivh epatitis c rna surface antigens follow-up homosexuality integrase inhibitors hepatitis b virus hepatitis b virus measurement hiv infections hepatotoxicity hepatitis c virus coinfection nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors cox proportional hazards models baseline value liver enzyme raltegravirPharmacology (medical)HIV Infection030212 general & internal medicineProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyCoinfectionIncidence (epidemiology)Liver DiseaseIncidenceLiver Diseasesvirus diseasesHepatitis CMiddle AgedHepatitis CReverse Transcriptase InhibitorInfectious DiseasesCohortCoinfectionPopulation studyRegression AnalysisReverse Transcriptase InhibitorsFemalemedicine.drugHumanMicrobiology (medical)Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyAnti-HIV AgentsRegression AnalysiNO03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicinemedicineHumansHIV Integrase InhibitorsHIV Protease InhibitorPharmacologyHepatitis B Surface Antigensbusiness.industryAnti-HIV AgentHIV ARTHIV Protease Inhibitorsmedicine.diseaseRaltegravir030112 virologyHIV Integrase InhibitorProspective StudieHIV-1businessAdult Anti-HIV Agents Coinfection Female Hepatitis B Surface Antigens Hepatitis C HIV Infections HIV Integrase Inhibitors HIV Protease Inhibitors HIV-1 Humans Incidence Liver Diseases Male Middle Aged Prospective Studies Regression Analysis Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Risk Factors
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Evolution of transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance and viral subtypes circulation in Italy from 2006 to 2016

2018

Objectives: The aim was to evaluate the evolution of transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance (TDR) prevalence in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve patients from 2006 to 2016. Methods: HIV-1 sequences were retrieved from the Antiviral Response Cohort Analysis (ARCA) database and TDR was defined as detection of at least one mutation from the World Health Organization (WHO) surveillance list. Results: We included protease/reverse transcriptase sequences from 3573 patients; 455 had also integrase sequences. Overall, 68.1% of the patients were Italian, the median CD4 count was 348 cells/μL [interquartile range (IQR) 169–521 cells/μL], and the median viral load was 4.7 log 10 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL (IQR …

0301 basic medicineMaleantiretroviral therapy; HIV; recent HIV infection; resistance epidemiology; transmitted HIV drug resistance; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Female; HIV Infections; HIV-1; Humans; Italy; Male; Middle Aged; Mutation; Odds Ratio; Prevalence; Viral Proteins; Drug Resistance Viralantiretroviral therapy; HIV; recent HIV infection; resistance epidemiology; transmitted HIV drug resistance; Health Policy; Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology (medical)Drug ResistanceHIV InfectionsDrug resistanceGastroenterologyInterquartile rangeOdds RatioPrevalenceHIV InfectionPharmacology (medical)ViralbiologyHealth PolicyMiddle AgedIntegraseInfectious DiseasesItalyFemaleViral loadHumanresistance epidemiologyAdultmedicine.medical_specialtytransmitted HIV drug resistanceAnti-HIV AgentsHIV; antiretroviral therapy; recent HIV infection; resistance epidemiology; transmitted HIV drug resistance030106 microbiologyantiretroviral therapySettore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVEVirus03 medical and health sciencesrecent HIV infectionViral ProteinsInternal medicineDrug Resistance ViralmedicineViral ProteinHumansbusiness.industryAnti-HIV AgentHIVOdds ratioReverse transcriptaseConfidence intervalCD4 Lymphocyte CountMutationbiology.proteinHIV-1business
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Evaluation of HIV transmission clusters among natives and foreigners living in Italy

2020

We aimed at evaluating the characteristics of HIV-1 molecular transmission clusters (MTCs) among natives and migrants living in Italy, diagnosed between 1998 and 2018. Phylogenetic analyses were performed on HIV-1 polymerase (pol) sequences to characterise subtypes and identify MTCs, divided into small (SMTCs, 2&ndash

0301 basic medicineMalelcsh:QR1-502SubtypeHIV InfectionsmigrantsBioinformatics; Cluster detection; Drug resistance testing; Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); Migrants; Molecular epidemiology; Phylogenetic analysis; Risk factors; Subtypes; Transmission networks and clusters; Adult; Cohort Studies; Female; Genotype; HIV Infections; HIV-1; Humans; Italy; Male; Middle Aged; Sexual and Gender Minorities; pol Gene Products Human Immunodeficiency Virus; Emigrants and Immigrants; Phylogenylcsh:MicrobiologyMen who have sex with menCohort StudiesSexual and Gender Minorities0302 clinical medicineGenotypehuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV); molecular epidemiology; phylogenetic analysis; migrants; cluster detection; transmission networks and clusters; subtypes; drug resistance testing; risk factors; bioinformaticsMedicinerisk factors030212 general & internal medicinepol Gene ProductsHiv transmissionPhylogenySubtypesPhylogenetic analysisTransmission (medicine)subtypesvirus diseasesHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)bioinformaticsMiddle AgedTransmission networks and clustersCluster detectionInfectious DiseasesItalyMolecular epidemiologyCohortFemaleHuman Immunodeficiency VirusCohort studyAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyGenotypeBioinformaticsEmigrants and ImmigrantsMigrantsArticleNO03 medical and health sciencesPhylogenetic analysiVirologyHumansBioinformaticMolecular epidemiologybusiness.industryPublic healthphylogenetic analysisMigrantDrug resistance testingSettore MED/17030104 developmental biologyRisk factorspol Gene Products Human Immunodeficiency Virustransmission networks and clustersTransmission networks and clusters.HIV-1Risk factorbusinessDemography
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